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欧宝彩票2023-01-31 16:05

中新网评:处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******

  中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称,将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对,企图将核污水“一倒了之”,把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。

资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。

  2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。

  日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。

  日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。

  事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。

  因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。

  日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。

  《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。

  德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。

  日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。

  国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。

  太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。

  Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business

  By John Lee

  (ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.

  Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.

  The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.

  On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.

  The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.

  In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.

  Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.

  The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.

  The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.

  The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.

  According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.

  As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.

  However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.

  Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.

  The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.

  If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.

 

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    银行加大消费贷推广力度 利率最低降至4%以下******

      本报记者 李 冰 余俊毅

      下调消费贷利率、推出利率优惠券、举办抽奖活动……春节前后,不少银行加大消费贷优惠力度。

      近日,《证券日报》记者通过探访银行网点、电话咨询、App查询等途径了解到,消费贷成银行信贷“开门红”重头戏。金融机构纷纷降低消费贷、信用贷产品利率,大力营销推广个人消费贷业务。部分银行消费贷利率降至4%左右。

      优惠活动种类繁多

      年初,通常是银行信贷投放的关键节点。步入2023年,金融业持续加大对国内需求和供给体系的支持力度,信贷“开门红”情况受到普遍关注。

      记者多方走访观察到,春节前后,银行消费贷产品利率正在降低。部分银行消费贷利率已下调至4%以下,并在还款方式、期限上进行了“让步”;有银行利率优惠甚至持续到2023年3月底。

      以国有大行来看,工、农、中、建四大国有行的消费贷产品利率均在4%以下。其中,工商银行融e借额度最高可至100万元、年化利率最低3.7%、年限最长为5年;中国银行随心智贷额度最高30万元,年利率最低3.95%,年限最长为3年;建设银行建易贷额度最高30万元,年化利率最低3.95%,年限最长为3年;农业银行网捷贷额度最高30万元、年利率最低可至3.65%、年限为1年。

      除国有大行外,部分中小银行也推出了各种类型的个人贷款业务,年化利率普遍在3.6%左右。

      从多位用户反馈的情况及记者实际操作来看,大多银行放款较快,几乎“秒到账”。举例来看,某银行推出了闪电贷,并开展年化利率优惠券活动,符合活动条件的客户,可获得6.6折、8.5折、9.5折不等的利率折扣券。若使用6.6折优惠券贷款20万元,则年利率可低至3.8%,期限3年,并可以使用先息后本组合还款方式。

      虽然各大银行推出了各式各样的个人消费贷优惠活动,但这并不意味着其放松了贷款的申请门槛和审批风控力度。比如某农商行推出了工薪快贷产品,年利率低至3.6%,贷款对象仅限当地缴存公积金单位职工。

      另外记者注意到,大多消费贷款均标注了资金不能用于购买理财、房产以及炒股等非消费领域。且为避免消费者产生误解,消费贷款的推广界面往往会提示,“产品利率以实际办理利率为准”等。

      某股份行客户经理告诉《证券日报》记者,“我们会运用科技手段,针对不同的贷款客户,实施差异化额度、利率定价。此外信贷审批手续及风控措施并未放松,只是效率较以往有所提高。”

      零壹研究院院长于百程告诉《证券日报》记者,“2023年春节时间较早,春节前后是用户消费的黄金期,也是临时性资金需求的高峰,消费信贷的需求比较旺盛,因此银行在信贷‘开门红’加码营销,往往能事半功倍。”

      银行存款利率走低

      在个人信贷利率下调的同时,银行的存款利率也在走低。目前银行的定期存款及大额存单利率已经进入了“2时代”。

      记者走访多家银行网点了解到,目前银行大额存单的利率普遍在3%以下,且额度较少。定存方面,银行的定期存款利率略高于大额存单,但也普遍在3.8%以下。

      同时,今年1月中旬,部分中小银行还下调了存款利率。比如,某股份行表示,将对人民币存款挂牌利率进行调整,个人存款方面,定期整存整取二年、三年、五年利率分别由2.73%、3.5%、3.85%调整为2.7%、3.35%、3.7%。

      在业内人士看来,中小银行降低存款利率是为了主动管理负债成本,调整负债结构,缓解利差收窄和盈利压力。并且,存贷款利率的下调一定程度上也会影响银行的利润。

      星图金融研究院研究员黄大智对《证券日报》记者表示,“去年以来,银行纷纷下调存款利率,这一定程度上来自于银行资产端利率的下降,要求银行降低负债成本,更好的服务实体经济。在存款利率下调后,银行净息差压力已得到一定缓解。但需注意,存款类产品作为居民资产配置中最重要的一类产品,短期内利率继续下行的空间会十分有限。”

      此外,光大证券首席银行业分析师王一峰预计,1月份银行信贷投放“量增价减”,信用扩张好于预期。考虑到1月份春节效应后,2月份、3月份信贷投放将与市场自发需求修复关联度更高,同时,结合银行“早投放、早受益”的固有思维,一季度信用扩张有望实现累计同比多增。(证券日报)

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